Which sequence lists the steps of the scientific method in their typical order?

• A. Ask a question, formulate a hypothesis, design/perform experiments, collect data, analyze results, draw conclusions, communicate findings.
• B. Formulate a hypothesis, ask a question, design experiments, collect data, analyze results, communicate findings, draw conclusions.
• C. Ask a question, collect data, formulate a hypothesis, design/perform experiments, analyze results, draw conclusions, communicate findings.
• D. Ask a question, formulate a hypothesis, analyze results, design/perform experiments, collect data, draw conclusions, communicate findings.

Answer: (A)

The sequence tests how inquiry is typically organized: start with a question to define what you’re investigating, then propose a testable hypothesis that offers a possible explanation or prediction. Next, design and perform experiments to test that hypothesis, gathering data as you go. After collecting data, analyze the results to see what the data indicate about the hypothesis. Based on that analysis, draw conclusions that summarize what was learned and whether the hypothesis was supported. Finally, communicate the findings so others can understand and evaluate the work.

This order ensures that every data collection is guided by a clear question and a testable prediction, and that interpretation of the data comes after it’s collected. The other sequences misplace steps—such as collecting data before formulating a hypothesis, analyzing results before gathering data, or sharing findings before drawing conclusions—which breaks the logical flow of investigation.